Galler, Kerstin M. and Brandl, Ferdinand P. and Kirchhof, Susanne and Widbiller, Matthias and Eidt, Andreas and Buchalla, Wolfgang and Goepferich, Achim and Schmalz, Gottfried (2018) Suitability of Different Natural and Synthetic Biomaterials for Dental Pulp Tissue Engineering. TISSUE ENGINEERING PART A, 24 (3-4). pp. 234-244. ISSN 1937-3341, 1937-335X
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Dental pulp tissue engineering is possible after insertion of pulpal stem cells combined with a scaffold into empty root canals. Commonly used biomaterials are collagen or poly(lactic) acid, which are either difficult to modify or to insert into such a narrow space. New hydrogel scaffolds with bioactive, specifically tailored functions could optimize the conditions for this approach. Different synthetic and natural hydrogels were tested for their suitability to engineer dental pulp. Two functionalized modifications of polyethylene glycol were developed in this study and compared to a self-assembling peptide, as well as to collagen and fibrin. Cell viability of dental pulp stem cells in test materials was assessed over two weeks. Cells in selected test materials laden with dentin-derived growth factors were inserted into human tooth roots and implanted subcutaneously into immunocompromised mice. In vitro cell culture exhibited distinct differences between scaffold types, where viability was significantly higher in natural compared to synthetic materials. In vivo experiments showed considerable differences regarding scaffold degradation, soft tissue formation, vascularization, and odontoblast-like cell differentiation. Fibrin appeared most suitable to enable generation of a pulp-like tissue and differentiation of cells into odontoblasts at the cell-dentin interface. In conclusion, natural materials, especially fibrin, proved to be superior compared to synthetic scaffolds regarding cell viability and dental pulp-like tissue formation.
| Item Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | IMMATURE PERMANENT TEETH; STEM-CELLS; REVASCULARIZATION; APEXIFICATION; REGENERATION; HYDROGELS; OUTCOMES; GROWTH; REPAIR; TOOTH; dental pulp tissue engineering; scaffold; dentin matrix proteins; dental pulp stem cells |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology > 610 Medical sciences Medicine |
| Divisions: | Medicine > Lehrstuhl für Zahnerhaltung und Parodontologie |
| Depositing User: | Dr. Gernot Deinzer |
| Date Deposited: | 19 Mar 2020 09:59 |
| Last Modified: | 19 Mar 2020 09:59 |
| URI: | https://pred.uni-regensburg.de/id/eprint/15147 |
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