Fuchshofer, Rudolf and Tamm, Ernst R. (2012) The role of TGF-beta in the pathogenesis of primary open-angle glaucoma. CELL AND TISSUE RESEARCH, 347 (1). pp. 279-290. ISSN 0302-766X
Full text not available from this repository. (Request a copy)Abstract
Transforming growth factor-beta 2 (TGF-beta 2) is found in increasing amounts in aqueous humor and reactive optic nerve astrocytes of patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG), a major cause of blindness worldwide. The available data strongly indicate that TGF-beta 2 is a key player contributing to the structural changes in the extracellular matrix (ECM) of the trabecular meshwork and optic nerve head as characteristically seen in POAG. The changes involve an induction in the expression of various ECM molecules and are remarkably similar in trabecular meshwork cells and optic nerve head astrocytes. The ECM changes in the trabecular meshwork most probably play a role in the increase of aqueous humor outflow resistance causing higher intraocular pressure (IOP). In the optic nerve head, TGF-beta 2-induced changes might contribute to deformation of the optic nerve axons causing impairment of axonal transport and neurotrophic supply and leading to their continuous degeneration. The increase in IOP further adds mechanical stress and strain to optic nerve axons and accelerates degenerative changes. In addition, high IOP might induce the expression of activated TGF-beta 1 in trabecular meshwork cells and optic nerve head astrocytes; this again might significantly lead to the progress of axonal degeneration. The action of TGF-beta 2 in POAG is largely mediated through the connective tissue growth factor, whereas the activities of TGF-beta 1 and -beta 2 are modulated by the blocking effects of bone morphogenetic protein-4 (BMP-4) and BMP-7, by gremlin that inhibits BMP signaling and by several species of microRNAs.
| Item Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | HUMAN TRABECULAR MESHWORK; GROWTH-FACTOR-BETA; OPTIC-NERVE HEAD; SMOOTH MUSCLE-ACTIN; EXTRACELLULAR-MATRIX PROTEINS; ADENOVIRAL GENE-TRANSFER; LAMINA-CRIBROSA CELLS; TISSUE TRANSGLUTAMINASE EXPRESSION; OCULAR HYPERTENSION TREATMENT; BONE MORPHOGENETIC PROTEIN-7; Extracellular matrix; Trabecular meshwork; Astrocytes; Optic nerve; Glaucoma; Growth factors |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology > 610 Medical sciences Medicine |
| Divisions: | Biology, Preclinical Medicine > Institut für Anatomie > Lehrstuhl für Humananatomie und Embryologie > Prof. Dr. Ernst Tamm |
| Depositing User: | Petra Gürster |
| Date Deposited: | 08 May 2020 06:49 |
| Last Modified: | 08 May 2020 06:49 |
| URI: | https://pred.uni-regensburg.de/id/eprint/19602 |
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