Straub, R. H. and Buttgereit, F. and Cutolo, M. (2011) Alterations of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in systemic immune diseases - a role for misguided energy regulation. CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL RHEUMATOLOGY, 29 (5). S23-S31. ISSN 0392-856X, 1593-098X
Full text not available from this repository. (Request a copy)Abstract
The investigation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis in chronic inflammation has demonstrated: 1) an anti-inflammatory influence of the HPA axis; 2) low serum levels of adrenal androgen; 3) equivocal results with respect to levels of adrenocorticotropic hormone and cortisol; 4) inadequately low secretion of adrenal hormones in relation to inflammation (the disproportion principle); 5) modulating role of TNF and IL-6 on the HPA axis; 6) disturbed cooperativity of HPA axis and sympathetic nervous system (uncoupling); 7) observable glucocorticoid resistance; 8) the circadian rhythmicity explains morning symptoms; 9) new medications based on malfunction of the HPA axis (e.g. adapted to the circadian rhythm of hormones and cytokines); and 10) the newly described role of the HPA axis in the context of misguided energy regulation in chronic inflammatory diseases. This review discusses items 1-6 and 10, while the other items are presented elsewhere in this Supplement. Evidence is presented that the basis for many alterations is in an adaptive program positively selected for short-lived inflammatory responses (energy appeal reaction), which becomes a disease-inherent pathogenetic factor, if it continues too long, that can drive systemic disease sequelae of chronic inflammatory diseases such as the metabolic syndrome.
| Item Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; ACTIVE RHEUMATOID-ARTHRITIS; INFLAMMATORY-BOWEL-DISEASE; SYMPATHETIC-NERVOUS-SYSTEM; LOW PLASMA ANDROGENS; GLUCOCORTICOID-RECEPTOR; LUPUS-ERYTHEMATOSUS; DEHYDROEPIANDROSTERONE-SULFATE; IN-VITRO; CORTISOL PRODUCTION; HPA axis; cortisol; androgens; energy regulation |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology > 610 Medical sciences Medicine |
| Divisions: | Medicine > Lehrstuhl für Innere Medizin I |
| Depositing User: | Dr. Gernot Deinzer |
| Date Deposited: | 02 Jun 2020 05:08 |
| Last Modified: | 02 Jun 2020 05:08 |
| URI: | https://pred.uni-regensburg.de/id/eprint/20196 |
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