Regensburger, Johannes and Lehner, Karin and Maisch, Tim and Vasold, Rudolf and Santarelli, Francesco and Engel, Eva and Gollmer, Anita and Koenig, Burkhard and Landthaler, Michael and Baeumler, Wolfgang (2010) Tattoo inks contain polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons that additionally generate deleterious singlet oxygen. EXPERIMENTAL DERMATOLOGY, 19 (8). E275-E281. ISSN 0906-6705,
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In the past years, tattoos have become very popular worldwide, and millions of people have tattoos with mainly black colours. Black tattoo inks are usually based on soot, are not regulated and may contain hazardous polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Part of PAHs possibly stay lifelong in skin, absorb UV radiation and generate singlet oxygen, which may affect skin integrity. Therefore, we analysed 19 commercially available tattoo inks using HPLC and mass spectrometry. The total concentrations of PAHs in the different inks ranged from 0.14 to 201 mu g/g tattoo ink. Benz(a)pyrene was found in four ink samples at a mean concentration of 0.3 +/- 0.2 mu g/g. We also found high concentrations of phenol ranging from 0.2 to 385 mu g/g tattoo ink. PAHs partly show high quantum yields of singlet oxygen (Theta(Delta)) in the range from 0.18 to 0.85. We incubated keratinocytes with extracts of different inks. Subsequent UVA irradiation decreased the mitochondrial activity of cells when the extracts contained PAHs, which sufficiently absorb UVA and show simultaneously high Theta(Delta) value. Tattooing with black inks entails an injection of substantial amounts of phenol and PAHs into skin. Most of these PAHs are carcinogenic and may additionally generate deleterious singlet oxygen inside the dermis when skin is exposed to UVA (e.g. solar radiation).
| Item Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | MALIGNANT-MELANOMA; MEDIATED DAMAGE; UVA; RADIATION; TOXICITY; BLACK; DNA; BENZO(A)PYRENE; ULTRAVIOLET; ACTIVATION; black tattoo ink; PAHs; singlet oxygen; skin; UVA |
| Subjects: | 500 Science > 540 Chemistry & allied sciences 600 Technology > 610 Medical sciences Medicine |
| Divisions: | Medicine > Lehrstuhl für Dermatologie und Venerologie Chemistry and Pharmacy > Institut für Organische Chemie > Lehrstuhl Prof. Dr. Burkhard König |
| Depositing User: | Dr. Gernot Deinzer |
| Date Deposited: | 20 Jul 2020 08:50 |
| Last Modified: | 20 Jul 2020 08:50 |
| URI: | https://pred.uni-regensburg.de/id/eprint/24384 |
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