The anomalous magnetic moment of the muon in the Standard Model: an update

Aliberti, R. and Aoyama, T. and Balzani, E. and Bashir, A. and Benton, G. and Bijnens, J. and Biloshytskyi, V and Blum, T. and Boito, D. and Bruno, M. and Budassi, E. and Burri, S. and Cappiello, L. and Calame, C. M. Carloni and Ce, M. and Cirigliano, V. and Clarke, D. A. and Colangelo, G. and Cotrozzi, L. and Cottini, M. and Danilkin, I. and Davier, M. and Della Morte, M. and Denig, A. and Detar, C. and Druzhinin, V and Eichmann, G. and El-Khadra, A. X. and Estrada, E. and Feng, X. and Fischer, C. S. and Frezzotti, R. and Gagliardi, G. and Gerardin, A. and Ghilardi, M. and Giusti, Davide and Golterman, M. and Gonzalez-Solis, S. and Gottlieb, S. and Gruber, R. and Guevara, A. and Gulpers, V. and Gurgone, A. and Hagelstein, F. and Hayakawa, M. and Hermansson-Truedsson, N. and Hoecker, A. and Hoferichter, M. and Hoid, B.-L. and Holz, S. and Hudspith, R. J. and Ignatov, F. and Jin, L. and Kalntis, N. and Kanwar, G. and Keshavarzi, A. and Komijani, J. and Koponen, J. and Kuberski, S. and Kubis, B. and Kupich, A. and Kupsc, A. and Lahert, S. and Laporta, S. and Lehner, Christoph and Lellmann, M. and Lellouch, L. and Leplumey, T. and Leutgeb, J. and Lin, T. and Liu, Q. and Logashenko, I. and London, C. Y. and Lopez Castro, G. and Ludtke, J. and Lusiani, A. and Lutz, A. and Mager, J. and Malaescu, B. and Maltman, K. and Marinkovic, M. K. and Marquez, J. and Masjuan, P. and Meyer, H. B. and Mibe, T. and Miller, N. and Miramontes, A. and Miranda, A. and Montagna, G. and Mueller, S. E. and Neil, E. T. and Nesterenko, A. V. and Nicrosini, O. and Nio, M. and Nomura, D. and Paltrinieri, J. and Parato, L. and Parrino, Julian and Pascalutsa, V. and Passera, M. and Peris, S. and Rosas, P. Petit and Piccinini, F. and Pilato, R. N. and Polat, L. and Portelli, A. and Portillo-Sanchez, D. and Procura, M. and Punzi, L. and Raya, K. and Rebhan, A. and Redmer, C. F. and Roberts, B. L. and Rodriguez-Sanchez, A. and Roig, P. and Ruiz de Elvira, J. and Sanchez-Puertas, P. and Signer, A. and Sitison, J. W. and Stamen, D. and Stockinger, D. and Stockinger-Kim, H. and Stoffer, P. and Sue, Y. and Tavella, P. and Teubner, T. and Toelstede, J.-N. and Toledo, G. and Torres Bobadilla, W. J. and Tsang, J. T. and Ucci, F. P. and Ulrich, Y. and van de Water, R. S. and Venanzoni, G. and Volkov, S. and von Hippel, G. and Wang, G. and Wenger, U. and Wittig, H. and Wright, A. and Zaid, E. and Zanke, M. and Zhang, Z. and Zillinger, M. and Alexandrou, C. and Altherr, A. and Anderson, M. and Aubin, C. and Bacchio, S. and Beltrame, P. and Beltran, A. and Boyle, P. and Plasencia, I. Campos and Caprini, I. and Chakraborty, B. and Chanturia, G. and Crivellin, A. and Czarnecki, A. and Dai, L.-Y. and Dave, T. and Del Debbio, L. and Demory, K. and Djukanovic, D. and Draper, T. and Driutti, A. and Endo, M. and Erben, F. and Ferraby, K. and Finkenrath, J. and Flower, L. and Francis, A. and Gamiz, E. and Gogniat, J. and Grebe, A. V. and Gundogdu, S. and Hansen, M. T. and Hashimoto, S. and Hayashii, H. and Hertzog, D. W. and Heuser, L. A. and Hostetler, L. and Hou, X. T. and Huang, G. S. and Iijima, T. and Inami, K. and Juttner, A. and Kitano, R. and Knecht, M. and Kollatzsch, S. and Kronfeld, A. S. and Lenz, T. and Levati, G. and Li, Q. M. and Liao, Y. P. and Libby, J. and Liu, K. F. and Lubicz, V. and Lynch, M. T. and Lytle, A. T. and Ma, J. L. and Miura, K. and Mohling, K. and Muskalla, J. and Noel, F. and Ottnad, K. and Paradisi, P. and Peterson, C. T. and Pich, A. and Pitelis, S. and Plura, S. and Price, A. and Radic, D. and Radzhabov, A. and Risch, A. and Romiti, S. and Sahoo, S. and Sannino, F. and Schäfer, H. and Schelhaas, Y. and Serednyakov, S. I. and Shekhovtsova, O. and Simone, J. N. and Simula, S. and Solodov, E. P. and Stokes, F. M. and Vanderhaeghen, M. and Vaquero, A. and Vestergaard, N. and Wang, W. P. and Was, Z. and Yamashita, K. and Yang, Y. B. and Yoshioka, T. and Zhevlakov, A. S. and Yuan, C. Z. (2025) The anomalous magnetic moment of the muon in the Standard Model: an update. PHYSICS REPORTS-REVIEW SECTION OF PHYSICS LETTERS, 1143. pp. 1-158. ISSN 0370-1573, 1873-6270

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Abstract

We present the current Standard Model (SM) prediction for the muon anomalous magnetic moment, a mu, updating the first White Paper (WP20) [1]. The pure QED and electroweak contributions have been further consolidated, while hadronic contributions continue to be responsible for the bulk of the uncertainty of the SM prediction. Significant progress has been achieved in the hadronic light-by-light scattering contribution using both the data-driven dispersive approach as well as lattice-QCD calculations, leading to a reduction of the uncertainty by almost a factor of two. The most important development since WP20 is the change in the estimate of the leading-order hadronicvacuum-polarization (LO HVP) contribution. A new measurement of the e+e--> pi+pi- cross section by CMD-3 has increased the tensions among data-driven dispersive evaluations of the LO HVP contribution to a level that makes it impossible to combine the results in a meaningful way. At the same time, the attainable precision of lattice-QCD calculations has increased substantially and allows for a consolidated lattice-QCD average of the LO HVP contribution with a precision of about 0.9%. Adopting the latter in this update has resulted in a major upward shift of the total SM prediction, which now reads aSM mu = 116592033(62) x 10-11 (530 ppb). When compared against the current experimental average based on the E821 experiment and runs 1-6 of E989 at Fermilab, one finds aexp mu - aSM mu the SM and experiment at the current level of precision. The final precision of E989 (127 ppb) is the target of future efforts by the Theory Initiative. The resolution of the tensions among data-driven dispersive evaluations of the LO HVP contribution will be a key element in this endeavor. (c) 2025 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). = 38(63) x 10-11, which implies that there is no tension between

Item Type: Article
Uncontrolled Keywords: PION FORM-FACTOR; CHIRAL PERTURBATION-THEORY; BY-LIGHT CONTRIBUTION; ELECTROWEAK RADIATIVE-CORRECTIONS; HADRONIC VACUUM POLARIZATION; PI(+)PI(-) CROSS-SECTION; PROCESS E(+) E(-); SHORT-DISTANCE CONSTRAINTS; PHOTON-PHOTON SCATTERING; INITIAL-STATE RADIATION; Anomalous magnetic moment of the muon
Subjects: 500 Science > 530 Physics
Divisions: Physics > Institute of Theroretical Physics
Depositing User: Dr. Gernot Deinzer
Date Deposited: 28 Jul 2026 10:01
Last Modified: 28 Jul 2026 10:01
URI: https://pred.uni-regensburg.de/id/eprint/68106

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