Sanli, Oner and Dobruch, Jakub and Knowles, Margaret A. and Burger, Maximilian and Alemozaffar, Mehrdad and Nielsen, Matthew E. and Lotan, Yair (2017) Bladder cancer. NATURE REVIEWS DISEASE PRIMERS, 3: 17022. ISSN 2056-676X,
Full text not available from this repository. (Request a copy)Abstract
Bladder cancer is a highly prevalent disease and is associated with substantial morbidity, mortality and cost. Environmental or occupational exposures to carcinogens, especially tobacco, are the main risk factors for bladder cancer. Most bladder cancers are diagnosed after patients present with macroscopic haematuria, and cases are confirmed after transurethral resection of bladder tumour (TURBT), which also serves as the first stage of treatment. Bladder cancer develops via two distinct pathways, giving rise to non-muscle-invasive papillary tumours and non-papillary (solid) muscle-invasive tumours. The two subtypes have unique pathological features and different molecular characteristics. Indeed, The Cancer Genome Atlas project identified genetic drivers of muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) as well as subtypes of MIBC with distinct characteristics and therapeutic responses. For non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC), intravesical therapies (primarily Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG)) with maintenance are the main treatments to prevent recurrence and progression after initial TURBT; additional therapies are needed for those who do not respond to BCG. For localized MIBC, optimizing care and reducing morbidity following cystectomy are important goals. In metastatic disease, advances in our genetic understanding of bladder cancer and in immunotherapy are being translated into new therapies.
| Item Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | BACILLUS-CALMETTE-GUERIN; CARCINOMA IN-SITU; ASSISTED RADICAL CYSTECTOMY; TRANSITIONAL-CELL CARCINOMA; RANDOMIZED CLINICAL-TRIAL; QUALITY-OF-LIFE; PATIENT-REPORTED OUTCOMES; FLAT UROTHELIAL HYPERPLASIAS; FREQUENT FGFR3 MUTATIONS; GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION; |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology > 610 Medical sciences Medicine |
| Divisions: | Medicine > Lehrstuhl für Urologie |
| Depositing User: | Dr. Gernot Deinzer |
| Date Deposited: | 14 Dec 2018 13:10 |
| Last Modified: | 25 Feb 2019 13:10 |
| URI: | https://pred.uni-regensburg.de/id/eprint/1036 |
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