Klossek, Michael L. and Marcus, Julien and Touraud, Didier and Kunz, Werner (2014) Highly water dilutable green microemulsions. COLLOIDS AND SURFACES A-PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING ASPECTS, 442. pp. 105-110. ISSN 0927-7757, 1873-4359
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The realms of existence of "green" microemulsions are reported and their pseudo-ternary phase diagrams as well as electrical conductivities. For the investigations, the model system water/sodium oleate/citronellol/limonene is used. Herein, sodium oleate is the surfactant and citronellol the cosurfactant The optimal surfactant-to-cosurfactant mass ratio is found to be 1:1. By replacing successively citronellol with ethanol the homogeneous single phase can be extended. At first, an anti-percolative behaviour of the system is obtained that can be converted into a percolative one. For low ethanol content microemulsions remain of water-in-oil (w/o) type. With increasing ethanol, between 30 and 90 wt% of ethanol in the blend, the monophasic region is diminished whereas liquid crystalline phases (lamellar and mixed lamellar and cubic ones) extend in the water-rich area. Above 90% the realms of existence of microemulsions are increased again and bicontinuous structures and oil-in-water (o/w) microemulsions were found. For a certain percentage of ethanol (92.5%) in the blend with citronellol and a surfactant + cosurfactant-to-oil ratio equal to or higher than 4:1 a highly water dilutable concentrated microemulsion is formed which can incorporate 99 wt% of water. By adding water rapidly to the water-rich areas of this system, thermodynamically unstable translucid nanoemulsions can occur, which turn into transparent microemulsions with time. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
| Item Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | FOOD-GRADE MICROEMULSIONS; PREPARING NONTOXIC MICROEMULSIONS; MIXED NONIONIC SURFACTANTS; SHORT-CHAIN ALCOHOLS; D-LIMONENE; BICONTINUOUS STRUCTURE; OIL MICROEMULSIONS; DRUG-DELIVERY; CITRUS OIL; SOLUBILIZATION; Microemulsion; Green; Limonene; Cosurfactant; Dilutable |
| Subjects: | 500 Science > 540 Chemistry & allied sciences |
| Divisions: | Chemistry and Pharmacy > Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie > Chair of Chemistry VI - Physical Chemistry (Solution Chemistry) > Prof. Dr. Werner Kunz |
| Depositing User: | Dr. Gernot Deinzer |
| Date Deposited: | 27 Nov 2019 13:44 |
| Last Modified: | 27 Nov 2019 13:44 |
| URI: | https://pred.uni-regensburg.de/id/eprint/10721 |
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