Hombach, Sonja and Kretz, Markus (2016) Non-coding RNAs: Classification, Biology and Functioning. In: UNSPECIFIED Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology,, 937 . SPRINGER INTERNATIONAL PUBLISHING AG, CHAM, pp. 3-17. ISBN 978-3-319-42059-2; 978-3-319-42057-8
Full text not available from this repository. (Request a copy)Abstract
One of the long-standing principles of molecular biology is that DNA acts as a template for transcription of messenger RNAs, which serve as blueprints for protein translation. A rapidly growing number of exceptions to this rule have been reported over the past decades: they include long known classes of RNAs involved in translation such as transfer RNAs and ribosomal RNAs, small nuclear RNAs involved in splicing events, and small nucleolar RNAs mainly involved in the modification of other small RNAs, such as ribosomal RNAs and transfer RNAs. More recently, several classes of short regulatory non-coding RNAs, including piwi-associated RNAs, endogenous short-interfering RNAs and microRNAs have been discovered in mammals, which act as key regulators of gene expression in many different cellular pathways and systems. Additionally, the human genome encodes several thousand long non-protein coding RNAs >200 nucleotides in length, some of which play crucial roles in a variety of biological processes such as epigenetic control of chromatin, promoter-specific gene regulation, mRNA stability, X-chromosome inactivation and imprinting. In this chapter, we will introduce several classes of short and long non-coding RNAs, describe their diverse roles in mammalian gene regulation and give examples for known modes of action.
| Item Type: | Book Section |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | DOUBLE-STRANDED-RNA; X-CHROMOSOME INACTIVATION; EMBRYONIC STEM-CELLS; SMALL NUCLEOLAR RNAS; MESSENGER-RNAS; MICRORNA BIOGENESIS; GENE-EXPRESSION; TRANSCRIPTIONAL LANDSCAPE; EPIDERMAL DIFFERENTIATION; MAMMALIAN-CELLS; Non-coding RNA; miRNA; piRNA; snoRNA; snRNA; tRNA; rRNA; lncRNA; Classification; Biogenesis; Function |
| Subjects: | 500 Science > 570 Life sciences |
| Divisions: | Biology, Preclinical Medicine > Institut für Biochemie, Genetik und Mikrobiologie |
| Depositing User: | Dr. Gernot Deinzer |
| Date Deposited: | 06 Jul 2020 08:33 |
| Last Modified: | 06 Jul 2020 08:33 |
| URI: | https://pred.uni-regensburg.de/id/eprint/2568 |
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