Langguth, Berthold and Salvi, Richard and Belen Elgoyhen, Ana (2009) Emerging pharmacotherapy of tinnitus. EXPERT OPINION ON EMERGING DRUGS, 14 (4). pp. 687-702. ISSN 1472-8214, 1744-7623
Full text not available from this repository. (Request a copy)Abstract
Tinnitus, the perception of sound in the absence of an auditory stimulus, is perceived by about 1 in 10 adults, and for at least 1 in 100, tinnitus severely affects their quality of life. Because tinnitus is frequently associated with irritability, agitation, stress, insomnia, anxiety and depression, the social and economic burdens of tinnitus can be enormous. No curative treatments are available. However, tinnitus symptoms can be alleviated to some extent. The most widespread management therapies consist of auditory stimulation and cognitive behavioral treatment, aiming at improving habituation and coping strategies. Available clinical trials vary in methodological rigor and have been performed for a considerable number of different drugs. None of the investigated drugs have demonstrated providing replicable long-term reduction of tinnitus impact in the majority of patients in excess of placebo effects. Accordingly, there are no FDA or European Medicines Agency approved drugs for the treatment of tinnitus. However, in spite of the lack of evidence, a large variety of different compounds are prescribed off-label. Therefore, more effective pharmacotherapies for this huge and still growing market are desperately needed and even a drug that produces only a small but significant effect would have an enormous therapeutic impact. This review describes current and emerging pharmacotherapies with current difficulties and limitations. In addition, it provides an estimate of the tinnitus market. Finally, it describes recent advances in the tinnitus field which may help overcome obstacles faced in the pharmacological treatment of tinnitus. These include incomplete knowledge of tinnitus pathophysiology, lack of well- established animal models, heterogeneity of different forms of tinnitus, difficulties in tinnitus assessment and outcome measurement and variability in clinical trial methodology.
| Item Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | PLACEBO-CONTROLLED TRIAL; SENSORINEURAL HEARING-LOSS; NICOTINIC CHOLINERGIC-RECEPTOR; RECREATIONAL NOISE EXPOSURE; SPIRAL GANGLION NEURONS; TERM THERAPEUTIC USE; K-CL COTRANSPORTER; DOUBLE-BLIND TRIAL; AUDITORY-CORTEX; SUBJECTIVE TINNITUS; anticonvulsants; antidepressants; anxiolytics; auditory system; GABA; glutamate; hearing; inner ear; NMDA; pain; phantom perception |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology > 610 Medical sciences Medicine |
| Divisions: | Medicine > Lehrstuhl für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie |
| Depositing User: | Petra Gürster |
| Date Deposited: | 29 Nov 2022 07:36 |
| Last Modified: | 29 Nov 2022 07:36 |
| URI: | https://pred.uni-regensburg.de/id/eprint/28022 |
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