Ito, N. and Ito, T. and Kromminga, A. and Bettermann, A. and Takigawa, M. and Kees, Frieder and Straub, Rainer H. and Paus, Ralf (2005) Human hair follicles display a functional equivalent of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and synthesize cortisol. FASEB JOURNAL, 19 (8). 1332-+. ISSN 0892-6638, 1530-6860
Full text not available from this repository. (Request a copy)Abstract
The skin and its major appendages are prominent target organs and potent sources of key players along the classical hypothalamic-pituitary axis, such as corticotropin releasing hormone (CRH), adrenocorticotropic hormone ( ACTH), and a melanocyte stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH), and even express key steroidogenic enzymes. Therefore, it may have established local stress response systems that resemble the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. However, functional evidence that this is indeed the case in normal human skin in situ has still been missing. We show that microdissected, organ-cultured human scalp hair follicles respond to CRH stimulation by up-regulating proopiomelanocortin ( POMC) transcription and immunoreactivity (IR) for ACTH and alpha-MSH, which must have been processed from POMC. CRH, alpha-MSH, and ACTH also modulate expression of their cognate receptors (CRH-R1, MC1-R, MC2-R). In addition, the strongest stimulus for adrenal cortisol production, ACTH, also up-regulates cortisol-IR in the hair follicles. Isolated human hair follicles secrete substantial levels of cortisol into the culture medium, and this activity is further up-regulated by CRH. CRH also modulates important functional hair growth parameters in vitro (hair shaft elongation, catagen induction, hair keratinocyte proliferation, melanin production). Finally, human hair follicles display HPA axis-like regulatory feedback systems, since the glucocorticoid receptor agonist hydrocortisone down-regulates follicular CRH expression. Thus, even in the absence of endocrine, neural, or vascular systemic connections, normal human scalp hair follicles directly respond to CRH stimulation in a strikingly similar manner to what is seen in the classical HPA axis, including synthesis and secretion of cortisol and activation of prototypic neuroendocrine feedback loops.
| Item Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | CORTICOTROPIN-RELEASING HORMONE; MELANOCYTE-STIMULATING HORMONE; CYCLE-DEPENDENT EXPRESSION; C57BL/6 MOUSE SKIN; POMC MESSENGER-RNA; REGRESSION CATAGEN; MELANOCORTIN-1 RECEPTOR; IMMUNE PRIVILEGE; HUMAN SEBOCYTES; HUMAN-PLACENTA; CRH; ACTH; alpha-MSH; proopiomelanocortin; stress |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology > 610 Medical sciences Medicine 600 Technology > 615 Pharmacy |
| Divisions: | Medicine > Lehrstuhl für Innere Medizin I Chemistry and Pharmacy > Institute of Pharmacy > Alumni or Retired Professors > Prof. Frieder Kees |
| Depositing User: | Dr. Gernot Deinzer |
| Date Deposited: | 11 May 2021 07:52 |
| Last Modified: | 11 May 2021 07:52 |
| URI: | https://pred.uni-regensburg.de/id/eprint/36043 |
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