Aslan, Alp and Schlichting, Andreas and John, Thomas and Baeuml, Karl-Heinz T. (2015) The Two Faces of Selective Memory Retrieval: Earlier Decline of the Beneficial Than the Detrimental Effect With Older Age. PSYCHOLOGY AND AGING, 30 (4). pp. 824-834. ISSN 0882-7974, 1939-1498
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Recent work with young adults has shown that, depending on study context access, selective memory retrieval can both impair and improve recall of other memories (Bauml & Samenieh, 2010). Here, we investigated the 2 opposing effects of selective retrieval in older age. In Experiment 1, we examined 64 younger (20-35 years) and 64 older participants (above 60 years), and manipulated study context access using list-method directed forgetting. Whereas both age groups showed a detrimental effect of selective retrieval on to-be-remembered items, only younger but not older adults showed a beneficial effect on to-be-forgotten items. In Experiment 2, we examined 112 participants from a relatively wide age range (40-85 years), and manipulated study context access by varying the retention interval between study and test. Overall, a detrimental effect of selective retrieval arose when the retention interval was relatively short, but a beneficial effect when the retention interval was prolonged. Critically, the size of the beneficial but not the detrimental effect of retrieval decreased with age and this age-related decline was mediated by individuals' working memory capacity, as measured by the complex operation span task. Together, the results suggest an age-related dissociation in retrieval dynamics, indicating an earlier decline of the beneficial than the detrimental effect of selective retrieval with older age.
| Item Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | LONG-TERM-MEMORY; FREE-RECALL; PROACTIVE-INTERFERENCE; OUTPUT INTERFERENCE; COGNITIVE CONTROL; EPISODIC MEMORY; LIST-METHOD; ADULTS; INHIBITION; YOUNG; cognitive aging; episodic memory; retrieval; context reactivation; inhibition |
| Subjects: | 100 Philosophy & psychology > 150 Psychology |
| Divisions: | Psychology and Pedagogy > Institut für Psychologie Psychology and Pedagogy > Institut für Psychologie > Lehrstuhl für Psychologie IV (Entwicklungs- und Kognitionspsychologie) - Prof. Dr. Karl-Heinz Bäuml |
| Depositing User: | Dr. Gernot Deinzer |
| Date Deposited: | 06 May 2019 07:10 |
| Last Modified: | 06 May 2019 07:19 |
| URI: | https://pred.uni-regensburg.de/id/eprint/4384 |
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