HORN, JC (1995) THE POST-KANTIAN TURNING-POINT AS THE CULMINATION OF TRANSCENDENTAL PHILOSOPHY. FILOSOFICKY CASOPIS, 43 (3). pp. 400-420. ISSN 0015-1831,
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The author attacks the division of philosophy from science and the post-modern negation of the great philosophical ideas that followed the Kantian ''Copernican turn''. He is convinced that the worldwide loss of direction today can be overcome by a creative return to the powerful trend of German philosophy from Fichte to Hegel, which the author sees as a significant attempt to gain a new, understanding of man and the world and to extend the concept of rationality. The author sees this trend as extending back to Leibnitz, for whom nature and mind, nature and historical man were conceived as a structural unity linked by universal rationality, which is the mediator in bringing man's dual structure to alertness, to self-awareness, to individuality. Fichte sought to move beyond the Kantian rift between self and objects through the dynamic activity of the self (a concept which gave rise to much misunderstanding). This is unthinkable without an orientation toward the non-self, i.e. towards the Other. Fichte produced the idea of self-refutation, of ''alienation'', of the dialectic of being. This idea had a cosmic relevance (rather than the individual or national voluntarism into which it has at times been twisted). Hegel was more bound by it than rejecting it. Schelling's philosophy of nature also showed this orientation. He sought to move closer to the unification of the self and nature, the thinking and the thought, the abstract self and its concrete corporeal existence. Modern science must therefore move ''from nature to the realm of intelligence'' and must see man in a universal setting, as a being caught up in the process of nature's self-organisation. Hegel completed the post-Kantian turn towards a conception of universal rationality founded on dialectic reality. He aimed at a systematic re-founding of science and philosophy. Just as the word ''self'' led to misunderstanding of Fichte, so has the word ''concept'' in Hegel. Hegel saw this as comprehending the living dynamic developmental structure, the ''metaphysics'' of events. It includes the unintentional outcomes of each human action; it can never be completely eliminated, but at the same time (and for this very reason) it must mobilise human responsibility on the path to self-awareness, to gaining the world and oneself. This is the source of a ''mediation'' which is not simple and unrepeatable but dialectic, in constant negation. The outline of the degrees of knowledge given in the Phenomenonology, is therefore still relevant today.
| Item Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | ; |
| Depositing User: | Dr. Gernot Deinzer |
| Last Modified: | 19 Oct 2022 08:38 |
| URI: | https://pred.uni-regensburg.de/id/eprint/52828 |
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