Daiss, Julia L. and Griesenbeck, Joachim and Tschochner, Herbert and Engel, Christoph (2023) Synthesis of the ribosomal RNA precursor in human cells: mechanisms, factors and regulation. BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY, 404 (11-12). pp. 1003-1023. ISSN 1431-6730, 1437-4315
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The ribosomal RNA precursor (pre-rRNA) comprises three of the four ribosomal RNAs and is synthesized by RNA polymerase (Pol) I. Here, we describe the mechanisms of Pol I transcription in human cells with a focus on recent insights gained from structure-function analyses. The comparison of Pol I-specific structural and functional features with those of other Pols and with the excessively studied yeast system distinguishes organism-specific from general traits. We explain the organization of the genomic rDNA loci in human cells, describe the Pol I transcription cycle regarding structural changes in the enzyme and the roles of human Pol I subunits, and depict human rDNA transcription factors and their function on a mechanistic level. We disentangle information gained by direct investigation from what had apparently been deduced from studies of the yeast enzymes. Finally, we provide information about how Pol I mutations may contribute to developmental diseases, and why Pol I is a target for new cancer treatment strategies, since increased rRNA synthesis was correlated with rapidly expanding cell populations.
| Item Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | POLYMERASE-I TRANSCRIPTION; UPSTREAM BINDING-FACTOR; FACTOR-TIF-IA; INITIATION COMPLEX-FORMATION; CRYO-EM STRUCTURES; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; GENE-TRANSCRIPTION; NUCLEOLAR TRANSCRIPTION; ACTIVATION FACTOR; DNA-BINDING; human transcription; ribosomal RNA precursor; RNA polymerase I; structural biochemistry |
| Subjects: | 500 Science > 540 Chemistry & allied sciences 500 Science > 570 Life sciences |
| Divisions: | Biology, Preclinical Medicine > Institut für Biochemie, Genetik und Mikrobiologie > Lehrstuhl für Biochemie III > Prof. Dr. Herbert Tschochner Biology, Preclinical Medicine > Institut für Biochemie, Genetik und Mikrobiologie > Lehrstuhl für Biochemie III > Dr. Joachim Griesenbeck |
| Depositing User: | Dr. Gernot Deinzer |
| Date Deposited: | 21 Feb 2024 08:44 |
| Last Modified: | 21 Feb 2024 08:44 |
| URI: | https://pred.uni-regensburg.de/id/eprint/58887 |
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