Mycielska, M. E. and Milenkovic, V. M. and Wetzel, C. H. and Ruemmele, P. and Geissler, E. K. (2015) Extracellular Citrate in Health and Disease. CURRENT MOLECULAR MEDICINE, 15 (10). pp. 884-891. ISSN 1566-5240, 1875-5666
Full text not available from this repository. (Request a copy)Abstract
Citrate is one of the major substrates for intracellular metabolism. The extracellular level of citrate is stable in blood but varies locally, with slightly increased levels in brain and high levels in prostate. Recent metabolomics research suggests that citrate level is a potential harbinger of different pathophysiological states; its decrease has been correlated with male infertility, brain diseases and metastatic cancer. In this review we discuss the role of citrate as an energy substrate for sperm. We also review the function of citrate released by astrocytes in the normal operation of neurons, and consequently we suggest a potential role of neuronal plasma membrane citrate transporters in mental disorders. Finally, we review recent relevant publications studying blood, urine and tissue citrate levels in cancer patients and hypothesize that extracellular citrate supports cancer cell metabolism critical for metastasis. Despite the importance of extracellular citrate in physiological and pathophysiological processes, surprisingly little is known about citrate synthesis in specialized cells, or about citrate transporters controlling citrate movement across various membranes. Determination of the molecular origin of citrate transporters in astrocytes, sperm and cancer cells could offer novel therapeutic targets and the possibility to pharmacologically regulate citrate release and uptake for preventing male infertility, treating mental diseases and targeting cancer.
| Item Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | MITOCHONDRIAL ACONITASE; PANCREATIC-CANCER; PROSTATE-CANCER; LUNG-CANCER; METABOLISM; ASTROCYTES; LITHIUM; CELLS; ACID; TRANSPORTER; Astrocytes; cancer; citrate; neurons; plasma membrane transporters; prostate; sperm |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology > 610 Medical sciences Medicine |
| Divisions: | Medicine > Lehrstuhl für Chirurgie |
| Depositing User: | Dr. Gernot Deinzer |
| Date Deposited: | 26 Jul 2019 07:16 |
| Last Modified: | 26 Jul 2019 07:16 |
| URI: | https://pred.uni-regensburg.de/id/eprint/6146 |
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