Niller, Hans Helmut and Masa, Roland and Venkei, Annamaria and Meszaros, Sandor and Minarovits, Janos (2017) Pathogenic mechanisms of intracellular bacteria. CURRENT OPINION IN INFECTIOUS DISEASES, 30 (3). pp. 309-315. ISSN 0951-7375, 1473-6527
Full text not available from this repository. (Request a copy)Abstract
Purpose of review We wished to overview recent data on a subset of epigenetic changes elicited by intracellular bacteria in human cells. Reprogramming the gene expression pattern of various host cells may facilitate bacterial growth, survival, and spread. Recent findings DNA-(cytosine C5)-methyltransferases of Mycoplasma hyorhinis targeting cytosine-phosphate-guanine (CpG) dinucleotides and a Mycobacterium tuberculosis methyltransferase targeting non-CpG sites methylated the host cell DNA and altered the pattern of gene expression. Gene silencing by CpG methylation and histone deacetylation, mediated by cellular enzymes, also occurred in M. tuberculosis-infected macrophages. M. tuberculosis elicited cell type-specific epigenetic changes: it caused increased DNA methylation in macrophages, but induced demethylation, deposition of euchromatic histone marks and activation of immune-related genes in dendritic cells. A secreted transposase of Acinetobacter baumannii silenced a cellular gene, whereas Mycobacterium leprae altered the epigenotype, phenotype, and fate of infected Schwann cells. The keystone pathogen' oral bacterium Porphyromonas gingivalis induced local DNA methylation and increased the level of histone acetylation in host cells. These epigenetic changes at the biofilm-gingiva interface may contribute to the development of periodontitis. Summary Epigenetic regulators produced by intracellular bacteria alter the epigenotype and gene expression pattern of host cells and play an important role in pathogenesis.
| Item Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | NON-CPG METHYLATION; HUMAN DENDRITIC CELLS; MYCOBACTERIUM-TUBERCULOSIS; PORPHYROMONAS-GINGIVALIS; GENE-EXPRESSION; HOST GENOME; INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE; DNA METHYLTRANSFERASE; PERIODONTAL PATHOGEN; FILIFACTOR-ALOCIS; bacterial effector; bacterial virulence; DNA methylation; epigenome; histone modification; pathoepigenetics |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology > 610 Medical sciences Medicine |
| Divisions: | Medicine > Lehrstuhl für Medizinische Mikrobiologie und Hygiene |
| Depositing User: | Petra Gürster |
| Date Deposited: | 14 Dec 2018 13:10 |
| Last Modified: | 01 Oct 2020 06:39 |
| URI: | https://pred.uni-regensburg.de/id/eprint/841 |
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