Bruckmaier, Georg and Krauss, Stefan and Binder, Karin and Hilbert, Sven and Brunner, Martin (2021) Tversky and Kahneman's Cognitive Illusions: Who Can Solve Them, and Why? FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY, 12: 584689. ISSN 1664-1078,
Full text not available from this repository. (Request a copy)Abstract
In the present paper we empirically investigate the psychometric properties of some of the most famous statistical and logical cognitive illusions from the "heuristics and biases" research program by Daniel Kahneman and Amos Tversky, who nearly 50 years ago introduced fascinating brain teasers such as the famous Linda problem, the Wason card selection task, and so-called Bayesian reasoning problems (e.g., the mammography task). In the meantime, a great number of articles has been published that empirically examine single cognitive illusions, theoretically explaining people's faulty thinking, or proposing and experimentally implementing measures to foster insight and to make these problems accessible to the human mind. Yet these problems have thus far usually been empirically analyzed on an individual-item level only (e.g., by experimentally comparing participants' performance on various versions of one of these problems). In this paper, by contrast, we examine these illusions as a group and look at the ability to solve them as a psychological construct. Based on an sample of N = 2,643 Luxembourgian school students of age 16-18 we investigate the internal psychometric structure of these illusions (i.e., Are they substantially correlated? Do they form a reflexive or a formative construct?), their connection to related constructs (e.g., Are they distinguishable from intelligence or mathematical competence in a confirmatory factor analysis?), and the question of which of a person's abilities can predict the correct solution of these brain teasers (by means of a regression analysis).
| Item Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | NOTORIOUS BRAIN TEASER; CONJUNCTION FALLACY; SAMPLE-SIZE; INDIVIDUAL-DIFFERENCES; NATURAL FREQUENCIES; ECOLOGICAL RATIONALITY; GENDER-DIFFERENCES; EMPIRICAL-LAW; MATHEMATICS; REPRESENTATION; statistical reasoning; logical thinking; cognitive illusion; Monty Hall problem; Wason task; Linda problem; hospital problem; Bayesian reasoning |
| Subjects: | 300 Social sciences > 370 Education 500 Science > 510 Mathematics |
| Divisions: | Human Sciences > Institut für Bildungswissenschaft > Professur für Methoden der empirischen Bildungsforschung - Prof. Dr. Sven Hilbert Mathematics > Prof. Dr. Stefan Krauss |
| Depositing User: | Dr. Gernot Deinzer |
| Date Deposited: | 07 Sep 2022 13:33 |
| Last Modified: | 07 Sep 2022 13:33 |
| URI: | https://pred.uni-regensburg.de/id/eprint/46827 |
Actions (login required)
 |
View Item |
